Kabul is Afghanistan’s capital and largest city, home to approximately 4–5 million people and the entry point for virtually all international visitors. It is a city of dramatic contrasts — ancient history, Soviet-era architecture, modern bazaars, and the backdrop of the Hindu Kush mountains — that rewards curious travelers who take the time to explore it with an experienced local guide.
Top Things to See in Kabul
Babur Gardens (Bagh-e Babur)
The Babur Gardens, built by the Mughal Emperor Babur in the early 16th century and restored with international support in the 2000s, are one of Kabul’s most peaceful and historically significant spaces. The terraced garden steps up a hillside above the old city and contains the marble tomb of Babur himself. The gardens offer excellent views over Kabul and are popular with local families on Fridays.
National Museum of Afghanistan
Despite the devastating looting and destruction during the civil war years (1990s) and Taliban rule, the National Museum still holds important collections covering Afghanistan’s extraordinary archaeological heritage — Bactrian, Gandharan, Greek, and Islamic periods. The Bactrian Gold (if on display) is one of the great archaeological discoveries of the 20th century. Check opening status before visiting.
Darul Aman Palace
The Darul Aman Palace, a European neo-classical palace built in the 1920s for King Amanullah Khan, stands on the outskirts of Kabul in a state of dramatic ruin caused by civil war fighting in the 1990s. Recently partially restored, the palace is a striking visual symbol of Afghanistan’s turbulent modern history. The journey out to it also passes the now-largely-abandoned parliament complex.
Old Bazaar / Chicken Street
Kabul’s traditional bazaars are worth exploring with a local guide. The Mandawi bazaar is one of the largest traditional markets, while the area around Chicken Street (named for its former chicken traders) has historically been the center for antiques, carpets, lapis lazuli jewelry, and handicrafts popular with foreigners.
Shah-Do Shamshira Mosque
The yellow-painted Shah-Do Shamshira (“King of Two Swords”) Mosque, which sits dramatically over the Kabul River in the city center, is one of Kabul’s most photographed buildings. Its unusual yellow color and multi-storey Mughal-influenced design make it a striking landmark.
Day Trips from Kabul
Several worthwhile day trips are accessible from Kabul with an experienced local operator:
- Panjshir Valley — 2–3 hours north of Kabul, a stunning valley with the mausoleum of Ahmad Shah Massoud and dramatic mountain scenery
- Istalif — A mountain village north of Kabul famous for its traditional turquoise pottery and bazaar
- Paghman — Historic gardens and a triumphal arch once used for royal picnics, now a local park
Safety in Kabul
Kabul carries significant security risks for foreign visitors. ISKP has carried out multiple attacks in the city targeting civilians, mosques, and public spaces. Foreign nationals should maintain a low profile, avoid large crowds and Friday prayers at major mosques, travel by pre-arranged vehicle rather than on foot, and operate entirely within their operator’s security framework. See our full Is Afghanistan Safe? assessment and the current Travel Advisory.
Getting to Kabul
Hamid Karzai International Airport serves international flights to Kabul. Airlines operating services vary — check current availability before booking. The airport is approximately 16 kilometres from central Kabul. Your tour operator should arrange airport transfers. Do not use unverified taxi services.
Finding a Kabul Guide
All visits to Kabul should be conducted with an experienced local operator or guide. Browse our Verified Operators Directory for vetted options with proven Kabul experience.